The Jewish Virtual Library observes that "The first mention of mourners saying Kaddish at the end of the service is in a thirteenth century halakhic writing called the Or Zarua. The oldest version of the Kaddish is found in the Siddur of Rab Amram Gaon, c. While anyone may say this Kaddish, it has become the custom for mourners to say the Rabbinical Kaddish in addition to the Mourner's Kaddish. It differs from the regular Kaddish because of its inclusion of a prayer for rabbis, scholars and their disciples. This "Rabbinical Kaddish" (Kaddish d'Rabbanan) is still said after studying midrash or aggadah or after reading them as part of the service. This is why it is currently said in Aramaic. This practice developed in Babylonia where most people understood only Aramaic and sermons were given in Aramaic so Kaddish was said in the vernacular. Kaddish was not originally said by mourners, but rather by the rabbis when they finished giving sermons on Sabbath afternoons and later, when they finished studying a section of midrash or aggadah. It is not composed in the vernacular Aramaic, however, but rather in a "literary, jargon Aramaic" that was used in the academies, and is identical to the dialect of the Targum (Pool). Most of it is written in Aramaic, which at the time of its original composition, was the lingua franca of the Jewish people. "The Kaddish is in origin a closing doxology to an Aggadic discourse" (Pool). The Mourners', Rabbis' and Complete Kaddish end with a supplication for peace, which is in Hebrew, and comes from the Bible.Īlong with the Shema and Amidah, the Kaddish is one of the most important and central prayers in the Jewish liturgy. This response is a paraphrase of part of Daniel 2:20. The central line of the kaddish in Jewish tradition is the congregation's response "May His great name be blessed forever and to all eternity", a public declaration of God's greatness and eternality. The opening words of this prayer are inspired by Ezekiel 38:23, a vision of God becoming great in the eyes of all the nations. When mention is made of "saying Kaddish", this unambiguously denotes the rituals of mourning. The term "Kaddish" is often used to refer specifically to "The Mourners' Kaddish," said as part of the mourning rituals in Judaism in all prayer services as well as at funerals and memorials. ![]() In the liturgy, several variations of the Kaddish are used functionally as separators between various sections of the service. The central theme of the Kaddish is the magnification and sanctification of God's name. Kaddish (קדיש Aramaic: "holy") refers to an important and central prayer in the Jewish prayer service.
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